Governor for fluid-pressure motors



Sept. 24, 1929. H. L. COOK GOVERNOR FOR FLUID PRESSURE MOTORS Filed June 2, '1928 2 Sheets-Sheet inventor.

Sept. 24, 1929.

H. L. COOK GOVERNOR FOR FLUID PRESSURE MOTORS 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed June 2, 1928 Patented Sept. y24, 1929 UNITED STATES PArEN'r OFFICE HAL L COOK, OF CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, OHIO, AssIGNOR To THE ROTOR AIR Toon COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION or OHIO GOVERNOR FOR FLUID-PRRsSURE f MOTORS Appiication med' june 2, 192s. serial No. 282,311.

This invention relates to governors adapted particularly for fluid operated motors such as portable hand tools, the main object being to provide a governor which has long lite and which is satisfactory in operation, which is sensitive to changes of speed, which is so constructed as to be substantially free from leakage, and is not likely to leak air for a long period of use by reason of wear or otherwise.

The above and other objects are attained by the invention which may be here brielly summarized as consisting in certain novel details of construction and combinations and arrangementsl of parts which will be described in the specification and set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying sheets of drawings, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional View of the main portion of a fluid pressure motor equipped with my invention; Fig. 2 is a View partly in .section and partly in elevation, showing one of the handles which is applied to the body of the motor and which is formed with a governor chamber, the portion in section being substantially along the line 2 2 of Figi 3; F ig?) is a transverse scetional view substantially along the line 3--3-of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an end view of the handle detached from the body of the motor along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1 g. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the motor shown in Fig. 1, showing the governor in section on a somewhat larger scale than shown in Fig. 1; and Figs.

6 and 7 are sectional views along the line 6-6 of Fig. 5, Fig. 6 showing the ports of the governor closed and Fig. 7 showing them open.

In this instance I have shown my improved governor applied to a motor similar in oonstruction to that constituting the subject matter of the Van Hamersveld and Cook Patent No. 1,653,748 granted December 27, 1927. As the invention does not reside in J the motor per se, the structure of the motor will be only briefly described. It includes a cylinder body 10 having a cylindrical bore extending from end to end therethrough. A motor spindle 11 has keyed or otherwise secured to it two rotors 12 which are eccentricallyar'ranged on the spindle and are disposed 180o apart. Between the rotors there is a ball bearing `13 for the spindle which bearing has a housing held in place by a setscrew 14. The cylinder body has a lateral extension and formedin this from opposite ends are a pair of radial guideways 15 which receive sliding abutment bladesy 16 whose inner ends at all times engage the peripheries of the two rotors. 1

The opposite ends of the cylinder body are closed by plates 17 and to these are at# tached two handles 18 and 19, a portion of the latteI-only being shown. Any suitable motive fluid, which is generally air under pressure and which for convenience will be referred to as air, is supplied through the handle 18 in a manner hereinafter mentioned; The motor spindle extends. through the hand-le 19, and is journaled inthe bearing 13 referred to above and in another bearing, not shown, which is provided near the outeI` end of the handle 19. To the end ofthe spindle may be secured a suitable tool such as a grinding wheel or the like.

The air enters the handle 18 at the opening in the bushing 20 and passes by way of a passageway 21 which extends through the handle to a valve 22 arranged in a portion of the handle 41.8 and controllable by a lever 23 lwhich can be conveniently operated by the hand of the operator grasping the handle 18. From this valve the air passes to a passageway 24 andV then through an opening 25 to the governor chamber 26 which 85 is formed in the inner end of the handle 18 adjacent the cylinder body, the opening 25 being in a wall 27 separating the passageway 24 from the governor chamber 26. As will be explainedv presently,rthe air enters the governor from the passageway 24 and passes through the governor ports into the cham.; ber 26 and from the chamber it passes by way of a passageway 28 formed in the inner face of the handle'18 through an opening in 95 the end plates 17 into a main air inlet passageway 29 extending from end to end through the lateral extension of the cylinder body, this passageway being shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1. From this passageway the air passes to the cylinder bore opposite each rotor and is then exhausted by other passageways not shown, the inlet and exhaust passageways being preferably arranged as shown in the Van Hamersveld and Cook patent referred to above.

The handle 18 also has a lubricating chamber 18a from which lubricant passes by way of a port controlled by a needle valve 18h, intov the stream of air passing through passageway 21.

The governor constituting the present invention is located in the governor chamber 26 and is attached to the end of the spindle which projects into this chamber, so as to rotate with the spindle. The governor includes a main or body portion having a threaded stem 30 which is screwed into a threaded opening formed in the end of the spindle. Additionally, the body member of the governor is provided with a disk portion 31 and with a sleeve-like portion 32 which projects from the disk 31 in line with the axis of the spindle and has a running fit in a bushing 33 `secured in the opening 25 in the wall 27, this bushing having a shoulder 33l formed on its inner end and bearing against the inner face of the wall 27 so as to hold the bushing in place. The sleeve 32 forming a part of the governor body is provided with one or more ports 34, in this instance two oppositely disposed ports which are somewhat elongated and terminate a short distance from the disk 31 and from the bushing 33. Surrounding the sleeve 32 is a second sleeve 35 provided with a corresponding number of ports 36, in

i this instance two oppositely disposed ports which are preferably of the same size and contour as the ports 34 and are adapted to be brought into registration with the ports 34 when the motor is operating under its usual load and to move substantially out of registration with the ports 34 when the motor is running idle. f

It will be observed that the outer sleeve 35 is provided adjacent the disk 31 with gear teeth 37 and these are engaged by gear teeth in the nature ofa rack carried by a governor arm 38 which is pivoted by means of a bearing stud 39 on the disk 31. The arm 38 serves as a lgovernor weight which is adapted to be moved'outwardly by centrifugal force and it is preferablyprovided with a removable portion 40 to give it the weight or mass desired for a given speed of the motor. The arm is normally held in its innermost position indicated in Fig. 7 by a spring 41 one end of which is attached to the arm 38 and the other to a support 42 which is preferably in the form of a segment adjustably secured to the disk 31, this segment in this instance having a slot 42a and being held in place by screws 43 passing through the slot into the disk, the length of the slot being such, as regards the spacing of the screws, that considerable adjustment can be given to the segment in either direction to vary the length or strength of the spring in resisting the outward movement of the weighted governor arm 38.

It might be here mentioned that the idle speed of the motor which brings about the closing of the ports can be determined or regulated either by increasing or decreasing the weight of the governor arm 38 or by varying the length and therefore the tension of the spring 41 through adjustment of the segment 42 or by utilizing both methods.

It will be observed by reference particularly to Figs. 6 and 7 that the pivotal point of the governor arm 38 and its point of engagement of the toothed portion with the gear 27 are practically diametrically opposite each other with the pivot point Vof the governor arm near the periphery of the disk 41. This provides a long leverage for the arm 38 giving the outer sleeve 35 a considerable circumferential movement for a relatively small inward or outward movement of the weight 40. This renders the governor exceedingly sensitive to small changes of speed while at the same time it imparts such a movement to the sleeve as to bring the ports from a position of registration to a position more or less out of registration. Furthermore it will be noted that the arm partially encircles the sleeve 35 and is somewhat L- shaped, the movement of the toothed portion of the arm being nearly in a straight line substantially in line with the axis of the spring 41 whose angular position changes very little between the extreme movements of the outer sleeve. Thus the governorarm has a very direct action on the spring adding to the sensitiveness of the governor, it being noted also that the spring is attached to that part of the governor which is at the maximum distance from the pivot point 39 so that the leverage through which the spring acts on the governor arm is also at its maximum. This likewise adds to the sensitiveness of the governor.

Though the rack portion of the governor arm which engages the gear teeth 37 of the outer sleeve 35 meshes with only a section or segment of the gear between the full open and closed positions of the governor ports, nevertheless the gear teeth are preferably extended entirely around the sleeve so that in the event, after a long period of use, the toothed portion which is engaged by the rack of the governor' arm becomes worn, it is only necessary to invert or reverse. the lposition of the sleeve 35 by turning it 180o from its original position to bring a new set of teeth into position to be engaged by the toothed part of the governor arm.

As previously stated, Fig. 7 shows the ports in registration as when the tool is operating under load, the air then `passing freely fromy the passageway 24 directly into the end oi the sleeve 32 and out through the aligned ports into the chamber 26. When the speed increases, as when the load is decreased or removed entirely, the outer sleeve is turned so as to bring the ports more or less out ott registration and if there is a sudden increase in speed as when the load is entirely removed the ports may come entirely out of registration as in Fig. 6, and then as the speed decreases the sleeve will move back slightly until small portions o't' the ports will be in registration so as to allow the passage of a small volume of air to run the motor at its idling speed.

I have here shown two pairs ot ports in the sleeve 32 and but the number oi pairs of ports in these sleeves will depend upon the volume ot air to be supplied to the motor. In some instances a single pair of ports will sufiice. In other instances Itwo pairs are employed, and at times more than two pairs may be utilized.

It might be mentioned further that the outer sleeve, the rocking of which brings the ports 34 and 36 into and out ot registration, has a full bearing on the inner sleeve so that it is susceptible to very little wear and retains the desired close fit on the inner sleeve over a long period oi' time so that the governor remains practically :tree of leakage throughout its life.

. The outward movement ol the governor arm is limited by a stop pin l5 as shown in Fig. 6 and the inward movement of the arm is limited by the engagement ot the arm with the gear teeth of sleeve as shown in Fig. 7.

It will be seen from the above that the objects stated at the beginning of the specilication are secured in a very effective manner.

While I have shown the preferred construction, I do not desire to be conlined to the precise details shown but aim in my claims to cover all modifications which do not involve a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

l. In combination with a luid pressure motor having a motor spindle, a governor comprising a governor body mounted on the spindle and having a ported sleeve-like portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon, and a governor arm carried by the governor body and having a connection with said sleeve so as to turn the same.

In combination with a fluid pressure motor having a motor spindle, a governor comprising a governor body mounted on the spindle and having a ported sleeve-like portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon, and a governor arm carried by the governor body and having a toothed connection with the sleeve.

3. A governor comprising a governor body having a hollow ported sleeve-like portion, a

-toothed portion engaging the toothedv portion ported sleeve mounted thereonand having a toothed portion, and a governor arm pivoted on the body on one side of the sleeve-lilreportion and having on the. opposite sidethereo';l a

of the sleeve.

4. A` governor comprising a governor body having a hollow ported sleeve-libe portion, a f ported sleeve mounted thereon, a governor arm pivoted on the Vbody and having a con.- nection with the sleeve so as to turn it so as to vary the relative positions of the ports and, a

spring connected to the arm, the latter having a portion which has a substantially straight line movement spring.

l' A fr f i 0' b d o. gow ernor comprising a tgovernor o y substantially in line with the having a hollow sleeve-like ported portion, a

mounted thereon, a governor ported sleeve l body and exarm pivoted on the governor `tending part way about the sleeve and connected therewith so as to turn it to vary the relative positions of the ports, anda spring connected with Ithe governor arm, the pivot for the arm and the connection with the ported sleeve being on opposite sides of the latter.

6. A governor comprising a governor body having a hollow sleeve-like ported portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon having a toothed portion, a governor arm pivoted to the governor body and extending part way about the sleeve and having a toothed portion engaging the toothed portion of the sleeve, and a spring connected with the arm, the pivot for the arm and the toothed portion thereof being on opposite sides of the sleevelike portion of the governor.

7. In combination with a fluid pressure motor having a spindle, a governor comprising a governor body having a hollow sleevelike ported extension in line with the spindle, a ported sleeve mounted thereon and having a toothed portion, an angular governor arm having a pivot point on the governor body and' having a toothed portion substantially diametrically opposite the pivot point and engaging the toothed portion of the sleeve, and a spring connected to the governor' arm.

8. In combination with a fluid pressure motor having a spindle, a governor comprising a governor body havinga hollow sleevelike ported portion in line with the spindle, a ported sleeve mounted thereon having a toothed portion, a governor arm pivoted on the body and extending part way around the sleeve and being on the side opposite lrom the pivot point, the arm having a toothed portion engaging the toothed portion of the sleeve, and a spring connected with the arm.

9. A governor comprising a governor body havinga hollow sleeve-like ported portion, a

yported sleeve mounted thereon, a governor connected to the arm and looated 0n one side of the Sleeve opposite the pivot pointl0. A governor comprising a` governor body having a hollow sleeve-like ported portion, aported sleeve mounted thereon, a governor arm pivoted to the governor body and extending part way around the sleeve, a spring Connected tothe arm and located on the side of the sleeve opposite the pivot point, and an adjustable support for the spring mounted on the governor body.

11. A governor comprisingl a governor body having a hollow sleeve-like ported portion, a ported sleeve mounted thereon and having a toothed portion, a governor arm pivoted on the governor body on one side of the sleeve .and extending part way around vthe sleeve to the opposite side thereof where it has a toothed portion engaging the toothed portion of the sleeve, and a spring also 1ocated on the last mentioned side of the sleeve and Connected with the arm.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aiiix my signature.

HAL L. COCK. 

